Publication:
An innovative magnetic oxide dispersion-strengthened iron compound obtained from an industrial byproduct, with a view to circular economy

Thumbnail Image
Files
View Statistics
Reference Managers
Mendeley
Indexers
Google Scholar CORE
QR Code
QR Code
Authors

Authors

Tirado Gonzalez, J.G.
Reyes Segura, B.T.
Esguerra-Arce, J.
Bermúdez Castaneda, A.
Aguilar, Y.
Esguerra-Arce, A.
Abstract (Spanish)
Dado que la política de Producción y Consumo Sostenible ha sentado las bases para que el mundo inicie su transición hacia una economía circular, la ingeniería tiene la responsabilidad moral de reciclar productos industriales subproductos. Actualmente esto se hace con calamina, que es una cascarilla de molino resultante de altas temperaturas. fabricación de acero. Aunque la calamina se utiliza de diferentes maneras, se le podría dar un mayor valor añadido sometiéndolo a procesamiento mediante pulvimetalurgia. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue obtener polvo de hierro con un núcleo de óxido de hierro enriquecido con magnetita, y evaluar el efecto de este hierro núcleo de óxido sobre la dureza y las propiedades magnéticas del material después de la sinterización. Se encontró que El óxido de hierro actúa como refuerzo del hierro (la dureza más alta alcanzada fue de 77,7 ± 1,2 HRB) debido, en en parte, a la coherencia entre fases, y le confiere un comportamiento ferrimagnético. Por tanto, este material tiene potencial para su uso en aplicaciones magnéticas a frecuencias más altas que los materiales blandos actuales. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. Todos los derechos reservados.
Abstract (English)
Since the policy of Sustainable Production and Consumption has laid the basis for the world to begin its transition towards a circular economy, engineering has a moral responsibility to recycle industrial byproducts. This is currently done with calamine, which is a mill scale resulting from high temperature steel manufacturing. Although calamine is used in different ways, it could be given greater added value by subjecting it to processing by powder metallurgy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain powder from iron with a core of enriched magnetite iron oxide, and to evaluate the effect of this iron oxide nucleus on the hardness and magnetic properties of the material after sintering. It was found that iron oxide acts as a reinforcement for iron (the highest achieved hardness was 77.7 ± 1.2 HRB) due, in part, to the coherency between phases, and confers a ferrimagnetic behavior to it. Therefore, this material has potential for use in magnetic applications at higher frequencies than current soft materials. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Extent
11 páginas
URI: https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/3327
Collections

Collections

AK - Diseño Sostenible en Ingeniería Mecánica – DSIM
References

Amano, T., Okazaki, M., Takezawa, Y., Shiino, A., Takeda, M., Onishi, T., Seto, K., Ohkubo, A., Shishido, T., 2006. Hardness of oxide scales on Fe-Si alloys at room and high temperatures. Mater. Sci. Forum 522e523, 469e476. https://doi.org/ 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.522-523.469.

Azevedo, J.M.C., Serrenho, A.C., Allwood, J.M., 2018. Energy and material efficiency of steel powder metallurgy. Powder Technol. 328, 329e336. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.01.009.

Azevedo, J.M.C., Serrenho, A.C., Allwood, J.M., 2018. Energy and material efficiency of steel powder metallurgy. Powder Technol. 328, 329e336. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.01.009.

Barde, A.A., Klausner, J.F., Renwei, M., 2016. Solid state reaction kinetics of iron oxide reduction using hydrogen as a reducing agent. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 41, 10103e101019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.129.

Birks, N., Meier, G.H., Pettit, F.S., 2006. Introduction to High Temperature Oxidation of Metals, second ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Bocchini, G.F., 1983. Energy requirements of structural components: powder metallurgy v. other production processes. Powder Metall. 26, 101e113. https:// doi.org/10.1179/pom.1983.26.2.101

Bonalde, A., Henriquez, A., Manrique, M., 2005. Kinetics analysis of the iron oxide reduction using hydrogen-carbon monoxide mixtures as reducing agent. ISIJ Int. 45, 1255e1260. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.45.1255

Cardarelli, F., 2008. Ferrous metals and their alloys. In: Cardarelli, F. (Ed.), Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference. Springer London, London, pp. 59e157. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-669-8.

Chikazumi, S., Graham, C.D., 2009. Physics of Ferromagnetism, second ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Chung, D.D.L., 2003. Composite materials for magnetic applications. In: Chung, D.D.L. (Ed.), Composite Materials. Engineering Materials and Processes. Springer, London, pp. 191e212.

El-Geassy, A.A., Nasr, M.I., Hessien, M.M., 1996. Effect of reducing gas on the volume change during reduction of iron oxide compacts. ISIJ Int. 36, 640e649. https:// doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.36.640.

Esguerra, A., Barona, W., 2010. Cinetica de reducci on de una cascarilla de oxido de hierro con mezcla gaseosa CO-H2, IBEROMET XI - X CONAMET/SAM, Vina del ~ Mar, Chile. http://www.iberomet2010.260mb.com/pdfcongreso/t1/T1-5_ Esguerra_A_n1.pdf?i¼1.

Gardner, R.A., 1974. The kinetics of silica reduction in hydrogen. J. Solid State Chem. 9, 336e344. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(74)90092-9.

Ghosh, A., Mungole, M.N., Gupta, G., Tiwari, S., 1999. A preliminary study of influence of atmosphere on reduction behavior of iron ore-coal composite pellets. ISIJ Int. 39, 829e831. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.829.

Gomes Landgraf, F.J., Filipini da Silveira, J.R., Rodrigues Jr., D., 2011. Determining the effect of grain size and maximum induction upon coercive field of electrical steels. J. Magn. Magn Mater. 323, 2335e2339. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jmmm.2011.03.034.

Gudenau, H.W., Senk, D., Wang, S., De Melo Martins, K., Stephany, C., 2005. Research in the reduction of iron ore agglomerates including coal and C-containing dust. ISIJ Int. 45, 603e608. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.45.603.

Habermann, A., Winter, F., Hofbauer, H., Zirngast, J., Schenk, J.L., 2000. An experimental study on the kinetics of fluidized bed iron ore reduction. ISIJ Int. 40, 935e942. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.40.935

Herman, D.A.J., Ferguson, P., Cheong, S., Hermans, I.F., Ruck, B.J., Allan, K.M., Prabakar, S., Spencer, J.L., Lendrum, C.D., Tilley, R.D., 2011. Hot-injection synthesis of iron/iron oxide core/shell nanoparticles for T2 contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging. Chem. Commun. (J. Chem. Soc. Sect. D) 32, 9221e9922. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1cc13416g.

Hou, B., Zhang, H., Li, H., Zhu, Q., 2012. Study on kinetics of iron oxide reduction by hydrogen. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 20, 10e17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1004-9541(12) 60357-7

Hurlbut Jr., C.S., Sharp, W.E., 1998. Dana’s Minerals and How to Study Them, fourth ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

Jean, M., Nachbaur, V., Le Breton, J.M., 2012. Synthesis and characterization of magnetite powders obtained by the solvothermal method: influence of the Fe3þ concentration. J. Alloys Compd. 513, 425e429. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jallcom.2011.10.064

Jiang, Z.Y., Tang, J., Sun, W., Tieu, A.K., Weia, D., 2010. Analysis of tribological feature of the oxide scale in hot strip rolling. Tribol. Int. 43, 1339e1345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2009.12.070.

, X., Wang, Q., Khan, W.Q., Li, Y.Q., Tang, ZhH., 2017. FeSiAl/(Ni0.5Zn0.5)Fe2O4 magnetic sheet composite with tunable electromagnetic properties for enhancing magnetic field coupling efficiency. J. Alloys Compd. 729, 277e284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.088.

Kang, Seok Go, Sung, Real Son, Kim, Sang Done, 2008. Reaction kinetics of reduction and oxidation of metal oxides for hydrogen production. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 33, 5986e5995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.05.039.

Kaufman, S.M., 1980. Energy consumption in the manufacture of precision metal parts from iron powder. SAE Technical Paper, 1980 Automot. Eng. Cong. Exposition. https://doi.org/10.4271/800303

Kazantseva, N.V., Stepanova, N.N., Rigmant, M.B., 2019. Superalloys: Analysis and Control of Failure Process, first ed. CRC Press, Cleveland.

Kruzhanov, V., Arnhold, V., 2012. Energy consumption in powder metallurgical manufacturing. Powder Metall. 55, 14e21. https://doi.org/10.1179/ 174329012X13318077875722

Maleki, A., Taherizadeh, A.R., Issa, H.K., Niroumand, B., Allafchian, A.R., Ghaei, A., 2018. Development of a new magnetic aluminum matrix nanocomposite. Ceram. Int. 44, 15079e15085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.05.141.

Marinca, T.F., Chicinas¸ , H.F., Neamt¸ u, B.V., Popa, F., Chicinas¸ , I., 2017. Reactive spark plasma sintering of mechanically activated a-Fe2O3/Fe. Ceram. Int. 43, 14281e14291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.07.180

Mill Scale Sourcing, 2018. http://millscale.org/ accessed November 2018

Molina, J.M., Louis, E., 2018. Interfacial design of Mg/graphite flakes-MP (MP¼Fe, Co or Ni) ferromagnetic composites with low density and high thermal conductivity. J. Alloys Compd. 767, 1155e1163. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jallcom.2018.07.136

Mondal, K., Lorethova, H., Hippo, E., Wiltowski, T., Lalvani, S.B., 2004. Reduction of iron oxide in carbon monoxide atmosphere-reaction controlled kinetics. Fuel Process. Technol. 86, 33e47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2003.12.009

Ono-Nakazato, H., Sugahara, C., Usui, T., 2002. Effect of slag components on reducibility and melt formation of iron ore sinter. ISIJ Int. 42, 558e560. https:// doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.42.558.

Ono-Nakazato, H., Okada, K., Usui, T., 2005. Effects of slag content and composition on the reducibility of iron oxide incluiding CaO-SiO2-FexO slag. ISIJ Int. 45, 569e573. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.45.569.

Parkinson, G.S., 2016. Iron oxide surfaces. Surf. Sci. Rep. 71, 272e365. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2016.02.001

Piotrowski, K., Mondal, K., Lorethova, H., Stonawski, L., Szymanski, T., Wiltowski, T., 2005. Effect of gas composition on the kinetics of iron oxide reduction in a hydrogen production process. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 30, 1543e1554. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.10.013.

Sasaki, Y., Bahgat, M., Iguchi, M., Ishii, K., 2005. The preferable growth direction of iron nuclei on wüstite surface during reduction. ISIJ Int. 45, 1077e1083. https:// doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.45.1077.

Skinner, H.C.W., Jahren, A.H., 2003. Treatise on Geochemistry, first ed. Elsevier Science, Cambridge

Spuzic, S., Strafford, K.N., Subramanian, C., Savage, G., 1992. Wear of hot rolling mill rolls: an overview. Wear 176, 261e271. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(94) 90155-4.

Suri, S., Viswanathan, G.B., Neeraj, T., Hou, D.-H., Mills, M.J., 1999. Room temperature deformation and mechanisms of slip transmission in oriented single-colony crystals of an a/b titanium alloy. Acta Mater. 47, 1019e1034. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00364-4

Wagner, D., Devisme, O., Patisson, F., Ablitzer, D., 2006. A Laboratory Study of the Reduction of Iron Oxides by Hydrogen. Sohn International Symposium, San Diego, United States, pp. 111e120. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal00265636.

Watanabe, Y., Takemura, S., Kashiwaya, Y., Ishii, K., 1996. Reduction of haematite to magnetite induced by hydrogen ion implantation. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 29 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/29/1/002.

Wetterskog, E., Tai, C.W., Grins, J., Bergstrom, L., Salazar-Alvarez, G., 2013. Anoma- € lous magnetic properties of nanoparticles arising from defect structures: topotaxial oxidation of Fe1exO|Fe3dO4 Core|Shell nanocubes to single-phase particles. ACS Nano 7, 7132e7144. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn402487q.

Zambrano, O.A., Coronado, J.J., Rodríguez, S.A., 2015. Mechanical properties and phases determination of low carbon steel oxide scales formed at 1200 C in air. Surf. Coating. Technol. 282, 155e162. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.surfcoat.2015.10.028.

Zhang, Q., Zhang, W., Peng, K., 2019. In-situ synthesis and magnetic properties of core-shell structured Fe/Fe3O4 composites. J. Magn. Magn Mater. 484, 418e423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.04.053.

Zherebtsov, S., Salishchev, G., Semiatin, S.L., 2010. Loss of coherency of the alpha/ beta interface boundary in titanium alloys during deformation. Phil. Mag. Lett. 90, 903e914. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2010.521526.