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Técnicas para caracterización de espumas de asfalto

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Campagnoli Martinez, Sandra Ximena
ESTUPIÑÁN, ENRIQUE
Soto Vargasc, Javier Evandro
Abstract (Spanish)
En la estabilización de suelos y en el reciclaje de pavimentos, se ha considerado que la relación de expansión y la vida media definen relativamente bien la calidad de las espumas de asfalto. Sin embargo, al aplicar la tecnología de los asfaltos espumados a la fabricación de mezclas tibias, se ha visto que estas propiedades no resultan suficientes para caracterizar la espuma y asegurar el cubrimiento completo de los agregados por el asfalto, una adecuada trabajabilidad y facilidad de compactación de la mezcla, así como un comportamiento apropiado de la mezcla en servicio. Este hecho ha motivado estudios concluyentes en la necesidad de establecer, además de la relación de expansión y de la vida media, la curva de colapso y la distribución de tamaños de las burbujas en una espuma de asfalto. Varios de estos estudios también recomiendan técnicas más seguras y confiables para la medida de las propiedades de la espuma. En este artículo, se resumen las técnicas que se están explorando en los laboratorios de la Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Julio Garavito para caracterizar espumas de asfalto fabricadas en planta de laboratorio WLB-10S. Tales técnicas incluyen medidas invasivas como la varilla graduada y el ensayo de colapso de la espuma de asfalto y no invasivas como el procesamiento de imágenes y el uso sensores infrarrojos. También, para mostrar el potencial de cada técnica, se presentan algunos resultados de las medidas obtenidas con su aplicación.
Abstract (English)
In soil stabilization and pavement recycling, the expansion ratio and half-life parameters have been considered to define foamed bitumen quality relatively well. However, when applying foamed bitumen technology in the production of warm mixtures, these properties are determined to be insufficient to characterize the foam and guarantee complete aggregate coverage from the bitumen, adequate workability, and easy mixture compaction, together with appropriate mixture behavior in service. This has led to conclusive studies on the need to establish, along with the expansion and half-life relation, the collapse curve and bubble size distribution in foamed bitumen. Several studies also recommend safer and more reliable techniques for measuring foam properties. Additionally, we summarize the techniques currently being explored by the testing laboratories at the Julio Garavito Colombian School of Engineering to characterize foamed bitumen produced in the WLB-10S laboratory foamed bitumen plant. These techniques include invasive measures, such as the calibrated dipstick and the foamed bitumen collapse test, along with non-invasive measures, such as image processing and using infrared sensors. Finally, the paper denotes the potential of each technique by revealing some results from the measurements obtained through their application.
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13 páginas
URI: https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/2426
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AN - Grupo de Investigación en Geotecnia
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