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Physical, morphological, and mechanical properties of raw and steamed cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.)

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Physical morphological and mechanical properties of raw and steamed cashew nuts Anacardium occidentale L. .pdf (3.44 MB)
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Authors

Sanchez, Anderson
Pacheco Barragán, Hernan Camilo
Urbano-T, Javier
Ayala-Garcia, Camilo
Alvarez Solano, Oscar Alberto
Maranon, Alejandro
Porras, Alicia
Hernandez, Camilo
Abstract (Spanish)
El anacardo (Anacardium occidentale L.) juega un papel importante en la agricultura mundial, y particularmente en la comercialización del núcleo de anacardo. Sin embargo, la extracción del núcleo plantea un desafío debido a la forma y el tamaño variables de la tuerca. Caracterizando el las propiedades de la tuerca de anacardo se convierten en una entrada fundamental para el avance de procesos y maquinaria. Este trabajo presenta una caracterización integral de anacardos crudos y al vapor de Puerto Carreño, Colombia, con enfoque en propiedades morfológicas, físicas y mecánicas. Muestras de anacardos de se recolectaron diferentes granjas en la región. Propiedades morfológicas, incluyendo el tamaño y la forma se analizaron midiendo la longitud, el ancho y el grosor durante 100 nueces de cada proveedor, tanto en su estado crudo como después de cocer al vapor. Geométrico se calcularon el diámetro y la esfericidad, y la caracterización cualitativa de la forma se realizó. Propiedades físicas, tales como masa, densidad aparente, densidad verdadera, y también se midió el contenido de humedad. Ángulo de reposo y coeficiente de fricción se determinaron para evaluar el flujo y el comportamiento de fricción. Además, se evaluaron las propiedades mecánicas de compresión a través de pruebas de compresión uniaxial a lo largo de tres orientaciones. Los hallazgos indicaron diferencias significativas en las propiedades morfológicas y mecánicas entre los anacardos crudos y al vapor. Por el contrario, los resultados demostraron que los anacardos de la región de Vichada exhiben un grado notable de dispersión y dimensiones mayores que las de Asia y África, comparables a los de Brasil. La guía de hallazgos diseño de maquinaria en la industria del anacardo y ofrecer información sobre lo físico propiedades morfológicas y mecánicas de los anacardos en Puerto Carreño contribuir a comprender y permitir la evaluación de la calidad, el procesamiento optimización y desarrollo de productos.
Abstract (English)
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) plays an important role in global agriculture, particularly in commercializing the cashew kernel. Nevertheless, kernel extraction poses a challenge due to the nut variable shape and size. Characterizing the properties of the cashew nut becomes a pivotal input for the advancement of processes and machinery. This work presents a comprehensive characterization of raw and steamed cashew nuts from Puerto Carreño, Colombia, with focus on morphological, physical, and mechanical properties. Cashew nut samples from different farms in the region were collected. Morphological properties, including size and shape, were analyzed by measuring length, width, and thickness for 100 nuts from each supplier, both in their raw state and after steaming. Geometric diameter and sphericity were calculated, and qualitative shape characterization was performed. Physical properties, such as mass, bulk density, true density, and moisture content, were also measured. Angle of repose and coefficient of friction were determined to assess flow and frictional behavior. Additionally, compressive mechanical properties were evaluated through uniaxial compression testing along three orientations. The findings indicated significant differences in morphological and mechanical properties between raw and steamed cashew nuts. Conversely, the results demonstrated that cashew nuts from Vichada region exhibit a noteworthy degree of dispersion and larger dimensions than those from Asia and Africa, comparable to those from Brazil. The findings guide machinery design in the cashew industry and offer insights into the physical, morphological, and mechanical properties of cashew nuts in Puerto Carreño, contributing to understanding and enabling quality assessment, processing optimization, and product development.
Extent
22 páginas
URI: https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/3276
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AK - Diseño Sostenible en Ingeniería Mecánica – DSIM
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