Publication:
Influencia de la presión y temperatura en etapas de desencerado de piezas microfundidas

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Blanco Estupiñan, David Leonardo
Cardenas Manosalva, Angela Lorena
Abstract (Spanish)
En el proceso de microfundición es común que las piezas fabricadas presenten defectología asociada al manejo de materiales, procedimientos y planes de control que muchas veces no están normalizados y que pueden afectar requisitos de calidad. El presente estudio comenzó con la selección de un grupo de cáscaras cerámicas usadas en la producción de piezas microfundidas; luego de verificar su defectología, se procedió a reprocesar y aplicar durante el transcurso de desencerado de los moldes cerámicos, diferentes valores de temperatura y presión. El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en verificar el efecto de dichas variables, analizando los defectos obtenidos en las piezas fabricadas por este proceso. Para esto, se caracterizaron ceras vírgenes y reprocesadas usadas en la fabricación de los patrones de cera, mostrando que el uso de ceras reprocesadas puede afectar la calidad de los moldes cerámicos y, por consiguiente, de las piezas obtenidas si no se tiene un plan de control para impedir su contaminación. Se determinó que existe una relación directa entre variaciones de temperatura y presión con la penetración y la fluidez de la cera usada en la obtención de piezas con menos defectos. Finalmente, las características operativas que mejor respuesta dieron en el proceso de desencerado necesario para la obtención de moldes cerámicos, fueron las relacionadas con la presión de 120 psi y temperatura de 170 °C, demostrando que dichas variables influyen en el proceso de obtención de moldes cerámicos y, por lo tanto, en la calidad de las piezas microfundidas.
Abstract (English)
In the investment casting process, is common that the manufactured parts present defects associated with the handling of materials, procedures, and control plans, which are often not standardized and can affect the quality requirements. The present study began with the selection of a group of ceramic shells used in the production of micro-casting parts; after verifying its defectology, we proceeded to reprocess and apply different values of temperature and pressure during the dewaxing course of the ceramic shell. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of these variables, analyzing the defects obtained in the parts manufactured by this process. For this virgin and reprocessed waxes used in the manufacture of the wax pattern were characterized showing that the use of reprocessed waxes can affect the quality of the ceramic shell and consequently of the parts obtained if there is not a control plan to prevent their contamination. It was determined that there is a direct relationship between temperature and pressure variations with the penetration and fluidity of the wax used in obtaining parts with fewer defects. Finally, the operative characteristics that gave the best response during the dewaxing process necessary to obtain ceramic molds were those related to the pressure of 120 psi and temperature of 170 °C, showing that these variables influence the process of obtaining ceramic molds and, consequently, with the quality of the investment casting parts.
Extent
14 páginas
URI: https://repositorio.escuelaing.edu.co/handle/001/3138
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AK - Diseño Sostenible en Ingeniería Mecánica – DSIM
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